Kookaburras are very large terrestrial kingfishers native to Australia and New Guinea, the name a loanword from Wiradjuri guuguubarra, which is onomatopoeic of its call.

Kookaburras are best known for their unmistakable call, which is uncannily like loud, echoing human laughter — good-natured, if rather hysterical, merriment in the case of the well-known Laughing Kookaburra (Dacelo novaeguineae); and maniacal cackling in the case of the slightly smaller Blue-winged Kookaburra (Dacelo leachii). They can not only be found in arid areas, but also in suburban and residential areas near running water and where food can be searched for easily.

There are four known species of Kookaburra found in Australia, New Guinea and the Aru Islands.

Unusual for close relatives, the Laughing and Blue-winged species are direct competitors in the area where their ranges overlap. This suggests that the two species, though having common stock, evolved in isolation (possibly during a period when Australia and New Guinea were more distant — see Australia-New Guinea) and were only brought back into contact in relatively recent geological times.There has been an Australian coin dedicated to the Kookaburra since 1990.

Kookaburras are carnivorous. They will eat lizards, snakes, insects, mice and raw meat. The more social birds will accept handouts from humans and will take raw or cooked meat (even if at high temperature) from on or near open-air barbecues left unattended. It is generally not advised to feed the birds too regularly as meat alone does not include calcium and other nutrients essential to the bird. Remainders of mince on the bird's beak can fester and cause problems for the bird. Kookaburras are also known to eat gumdrops from the old gum tree.

They are territorial, and often live with the partly grown chicks of the previous season. They often sing as a chorus to mark their territory.

Kookaburras when pulled from the nest and hand fed as chicks they can make quite affectionate pets. However their captive diet of mice and beef can be difficult for some people to maintain, and their noise can irritate some, and they require spacious cages or aviaries to fly about in. But when all the requirements are met they are truly a worthwhile companion pet bird.

In the wild, Kookaburras are known to eat babies of other birds and snakes, and insects and small reptiles. In zoos, they are usually fed food for birds of prey, and dead baby chicks.